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下面是我之前需要的範例:


$sqlstring = "select 
     　　　　　　　to_char(thedate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS') as thedate
     　　　　　from tables
　　　　　　　　 order by thedate desc";


 


Examples - Numbers


The following are number examples for the to_char function.















to_char(1210.73, '9999.9') would return '1210.7'
to_char(1210.73, '9,999.99') would return '1,210.73'
to_char(1210.73, '$9,999.00') would return '$1,210.73'
to_char(21, '000099') would return '000021'


Examples - Dates


The following is a list of valid parameters when the to_char function is used to convert a date to a string. These parameters can be used in many combinations.




Parameter Explanation













































































YEAR Year, spelled out
YYYY 4-digit year
YYY
YY
Y 		Last 3, 2, or 1 digit(s) of year.
IYY
IY
I 		Last 3, 2, or 1 digit(s) of ISO year.
IYYY 4-digit year based on the ISO standard
Q Quarter of year (1, 2, 3, 4; JAN-MAR = 1).
MM Month (01-12; JAN = 01).
MON Abbreviated name of month.
MONTH Name of month, padded with blanks to length of 9 characters.
RM Roman numeral month (I-XII; JAN = I).
WW Week of year (1-53) where week 1 starts on the first day of the year and continues to the seventh day of the year.
W Week of month (1-5) where week 1 starts on the first day of the month and ends on the seventh.
IW Week of year (1-52 or 1-53) based on the ISO standard.
D Day of week (1-7).
DAY Name of day.
DD Day of month (1-31).
DDD Day of year (1-366).
DY Abbreviated name of day.
J Julian day; the number of days since January 1, 4712 BC.
HH Hour of day (1-12).
HH12 Hour of day (1-12).
HH24 Hour of day (0-23).
MI Minute (0-59).
SS Second (0-59).
SSSSS Seconds past midnight (0-86399).
FF Fractional seconds.


The following are date examples for the to_char function.





















to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy/mm/dd'); would return '2003/07/09'
to_char(sysdate, 'Month DD, YYYY'); would return 'July 09, 2003'
to_char(sysdate, 'FMMonth DD, YYYY'); would return 'July 9, 2003'
to_char(sysdate, 'MON DDth, YYYY'); would return 'JUL 09TH, 2003'
to_char(sysdate, 'FMMON DDth, YYYY'); would return 'JUL 9TH, 2003'
to_char(sysdate, 'FMMon ddth, YYYY'); would return 'Jul 9th, 2003'


You will notice that in some examples, the format_mask parameter begins with "FM". This means that zeros and blanks are suppressed. This can be seen in the examples below.












to_char(sysdate, 'FMMonth DD, YYYY'); would return 'July 9, 2003'
to_char(sysdate, 'FMMON DDth, YYYY'); would return 'JUL 9TH, 2003'
to_char(sysdate, 'FMMon ddth, YYYY'); would return 'Jul 9th, 2003'

The zeros have been suppressed so that the day component shows as "9" as opposed to "09".




Frequently Asked Questions


Question : Why doesn't this sort the day's of the week in order?


select ename, hiredate, to_char((hiredate),'fmDay') "Day"
from emp
order by "Day";


Answer :


The fmDay parameter will return the name of the Day and not the numeric value of the day.
Try the following:


select ename, hiredate, to_char((hiredate),'fmDD') "Day"
from emp
order by "Day";

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